Civil War Essays (1512 words) - Ammunition, Firearm Actions

Common War Common War During the American Civil War, which kept going from 1861-1865, more than 620,000 accounted warriors were slaughtered. Known as the principal current war, students of history for the most part concur that the explanation for this was on the grounds that this was a period of progress for the military. Armed forces and Navies were all the while utilizing strategies where they would accumulate enormous powers of capability to hold up under on the foe. Simultaneously, weapons were being created which were precise and deadly well past any arms of the previous clashes. Because of these two conditions numerous more losses were supported. Add to that the absence of clinical information of malady and disease and the numbers genuinely started to develop. This paper is a review of the kinds of weaponry that was utilized during this time. Gunnery by and large falls into three essential classes; firearms, howitzers and mortars. The principle distinction between them being the direction of the round fire. A weapon has a high gag speed and an exceptionally level direction. Regularly a weapon is utilized in a direct fire mode where the objective can be seen and infiltration is attractive. Great focuses for a weapon would be things like block or earth strongholds, ships, structures, and focuses in tree lines. Howitzers have a to some degree lower gag speed and curve their shells onto an objective. They are utilized in both an immediate fire and roundabout fire mode. Remember with the restricted scope of the pieces accessible during the Civil War there was no aberrant fire, for example, we know it today. Targets were by and large consistently inside the view of the ordnance men. This is particularly helpful at the point when an adversary is covered behind a readied position or the gunnery men want to have a shell detonate over a foe's head. The air-burst harms solidified targets, for example, brick work dividers, and redoubts, be that as it may, causes a lot increasingly human setbacks because of the shrapnel covering an enormous region. Mortars have an articulated curve of flight. They have a generally low gag speed and are unacceptable for direct fire. Their standard worth originates from having the option to hurl shells behind a hindrance, for example, a stronghold or a slope. In contrast to present day mortars, those utilized during the Civil War were massive devises and mounted at a fixed point for the most part somewhere in the range of 45 and 50 degrees. They were not extremely exact and relied entirely on the measure of moving powder to decide their purpose of effect. Shells, empty ammo loaded up with explosive what's more, outfitted with a wire, were the most widely recognized sort of hazardous cannons round utilized during the Civil War. Breakers could be either planned so the round would detonate following a specific number of seconds had slipped by, or were percussion so the ammo would detonate after striking an article. Shells were commonly utilized as long range adjusts, intended to detonate among a propelling adversary or used to blow separated foe fortifications. Strong shot was an active vitality round. Its speed and mass were utilized to enter dividers, fortress and covering. To deliver any sort of setback impact, the round would need to really strike the objective. Strong shot was especially utilized against ironclad ships where a shell would do next to zero harm. During one test a 8 inch Brooke rifle with 16 pounds of powder shot a 140 pound ball 260 yards and infiltrated eight crawls of iron sponsored by 18 creeps of strong wood. While there are numerous records of troops charging courageously into a hail of grape there is little reality in this. Grape shot was utilized almost no on the land war zone during the Civil War. The ammo experienced by the warriors was called canister, one of the war's most deadliest rounds. Canister was essentially a tin stuffed with sawdust and black powder gun balls which, when discharged, spread out also, transformed the mounted guns piece into a monster shotgun. At short proximity against masses infantry this round was annihilating, cutting tremendous areas through the assaulting men. Grape shot was broadly utilized in the nineteenth century wars, yet when of the American Civil War, grape was essentially utilized by navel weapon groups. Like canister, grape shot comprised of meat balls, yet dissimilar to canister which terminated 76 balls, a series of grape shot comprised of nine or so balls and were generally not stuffed in jars. A standard round comprised of three levels of three 2 inch breadth balls isolated by iron plates and held together by a focal bar which associated the base plates. Another plan comprised of an iron base plate with a focal pin around which the balls

Discussion Board (1) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Conversation Board (1) - Essay Example As a system, what one element does with respect to criminal equity will influence all. Thinking about these definitions, the American criminal equity framework is best characterized as a procedure since: 1) there are qualifications among elements in criminal equity foundation, 2) activities of one office are not associated upon another and 3) participation among organizations wipes out recognizable proof as a non-framework. The American criminal equity framework works through an assortment of roads. How things are actualized explicitly â€Å"varies from state to state, and the government criminal equity framework has its own principles, methods, and terms to depict the phases of the proceedings† (Bennett, n.d.). By and large, be that as it may, things will in general follow a comparative example. Initial, an individual reports a wrongdoing. This individual can be â€Å"families, neighborhood affiliations, business, industry, farming, instructive foundations, the news media, or some other private division entity† (â€Å"Criminal Justice†, n.d.). From here the law requirement organization, (as a rule at a neighborhood level now), experiences its own systems for deciding whether a suspect is blameworthy and should be captured. On the off chance that the suspect is captured, â€Å"then law requirement offices present the objection and data and about the denounced to the examiner, who w ill choose if formal accuses will be recorded of the court (pre-arraignment events)† (â€Å"Criminal Justice†, n.d.). On the off chance that charges aren’t dropped, the denounced will experience a bail hearing, which will decide whether a speculate will be permitted to achieve their opportunity while on bond. At that point there is the arraignment which â€Å"is the conventional introduction of charges in open court and where an appointed authority considers proof the investigator presents to choose whether there is reasonable justification to help the charges against the defendant† (â€Å"Criminal Justice†, n.d.). Request

optical illusions

optical illusions So one of the perks involved with being an MIT student is the ability to get into the Museum Of Science for free. A few weeks back, Diana, Evelyn, and I went to check out some of the exhibits. Now probably one of their coolest permanent exhibits is their indoor lightning storm. Warning: This exhibit is not for the weak-hearted. The constant crashes and flashes of thunder and lightning had me jumping out of my seat. The museum is huge, and its pretty much impossible to do everything in one day, so multiple visits are encouraged. I know Ill be back in the fall for their Star Wars exhibit. Just a couple photos from the Museum that I was allowed to take: Now fast forward to this past weekend. Saturday night, I went out with a few friends for a late night dinner at the Asgard a few blocks from MIT; its an Irish restaurant but I had a veggie burger because Ive decided to become a vegetarian for the rest of the summer, except this weekend, Im going home and since my drive home requires me to drive by open pastures of cows, I might cave. Well see. So by now, I think you all might know that I have this thing for ice cream. One of my goals for the summer has been to try as many of the ice cream shops here in Boston and Cambridge and give you the dish on whats hot and whats cold. Dinner ended a little late on Saturday, and I wasnt able to visit Toscaninis on Mass. Ave, but fear not, there was a Shaws across the street that I could satisfy my craving with. Unfortunately, this stretch of sidewalk didnt have a crosswalk and the time was ticking down until theyd close. Clearly, the appropriate response when life gives you lemons, you make lemonade. So when life gives you no crosswalk, you make one. (Dont try this at home). I decided to run across Mass. Ave with traffic coming from both directions, and I lived to tell the story of getting four half-gallon tubs of ice cream and happening to come across a flasher in the grocery store. (Some days my life just is not normal) Sunday, I went out with some friends to celebrate my friend Elenas 08 birthday. We went to Brown Sugar Cafe, a really nice Thai restaurant that has too many menu items that I just end up ordering the same thing every time. And of course, what happens when you get a bunch of MIT kids together in the same room? We analyze the centripetal motion of a fan. The fans were really cool though. We celebrated with an ice cream cake from JP Licks. [] Now its not normal that I have two near-death experiences in the span of 4 days, but I did. Tuesday night, I was all ready to go to bed, in my PJs and all when my roommate asked me to go to Midnight Madness at this restauarant where if you buy a soda you pretty much get a meal for free. Initially, I was pretty reluctant but one thing I think I have learned at MIT to be is spontaneous, and I decided to change and get ready to go with the rest of my brothers. To save 5 minutes, we decided to take a shortcut. This shortcut involved squeezing between fences, walking down dimly lit alleys, and a skunk. Yea, like this guy.: I originally thought they were joking when they said skunk, and here I am with camera in hand trying to capture our trip to Sunset in photos. When it came my turn to squeeze between the last set of fences, I look over my right shoulder, and who do I see? Just the skunk of course. Now, I have had bad luck with animals, and when I saw Pepe raise his tail, I knew it was time to bail ship, so what do I do, I run. Whereyou might ask? Right into the middle of Commonwealth Avenue, of course. Thats safe alright. Everyone just kinda laughed at my hysteria surrounding the skunk; I did not want to have to bathe in V8, gimme a break. [] So eventually, we made it to Sunset where we stayed for a bit and then headed home.

Bullying Prevention - 2457 Words

Problem of bullying in schools Problem-solution essay Final draft Academic Reading and writing I Nurman Assima (ID: 20110635) November 25, 2011 Outline I. Introduction Thesis statement: Due to the fact that problem of bullying negatively affects students learning ability, their health and the entire school climate society should take definite and urgent measures to solve it. II. Background * School bullying is a kind of aggressive and angry behaviour. * Engaging in bullying seems the best or only option for some students. * Students are bullied because of their vulnerability and difference from peers. * Bullying adversely affects the health and development of bullying†¦show more content†¦Experience of being a victim of bullying can finally damage the mental health of students and motivate them to commit school violence. According to statistics in two-thirds of cases of the recent school shootings, the attackers had previously been bullied (Sampson, 2009, p.1). For most children learning process itself may already be a daily struggle and being a target for bullying at the same time can become the straw that broke the camels back, after w hich they consider suicide as the only possible solution. A study in Britain found that at least half of suicides among young people are related to bullying (Detlor, 2010). So, due to the fact that problem of bullying negatively affects students learning ability, their health and the entire school climate society should take definite and urgent measures to solve it. What is bullying actually? Bullying is the general term applied to a pattern of behavior whereby one person with a lot of internal anger, resentment and aggression and lacking interpersonal skills chooses to displace their aggression onto another person or a person who is habitually cruel or overbearing, especially to smaller or weaker people ( Craft, 2006, para.2 ). It is usually regularly repeating action which can take many forms, such as assault, tripping, intimidation, rumor-spreading andShow MoreRelatedPrevention And Prevention Of Bullying2671 Words   |  11 PagesBullying is one of the most talked about epidem ics in around the world today. The current public perception concerning bullying is very divisive. The general consensus the majority of people have is that bullies torment others in order to mask their own fears. It seems as if we should feel remorse for bullies who are just suffering from their own insecurities. By tormenting others, bullies gain a sense of self-importance (Lehman, n.d.). However, bullying is by no means an adequate justificationRead MoreBullying Prevention And Treatment Of Bullying1289 Words   |  6 Pageshold the key to change through successful prevention and treatment of bullying. Teachers are essential where their own behavior and interactions with students are critical to enhance their development. In order to eradicate or prevent bullying, teachers need to be aware and recognize that bullying is a serious problem. Although appropriate action is taken when bullying occurs, this topic will continue to be a painstakingly issue to solve. The Anti-Bullying Research and Resource Centre at Trinity CollegeRead MoreCyberbullying : Bullying And Bullying Prevention Programs Essay1456 Words   |  6 PagesKowalski, Limber (2012) originally wrote Cyberbullying: Bullying in the digital age after working together on various bullying prevention programs and collaborating on research pertaining to cyberbullying. The authors goal is to educate parents, teachers, and the community about the growing cyberbullying problem among children and adolescents. An additional goal of the authors is to empower adults, amongst our youth, to prevent bullying. Many adults, whether in the community or in the school environmentRead MorePrevention And Intervention Of Bullying Behaviors918 Words   |  4 Pagesa major role in prevention and intervention of bullying behaviors. Studies repeatedly suggest that bullying can be significantly impacted if teachers, students, student groups, administrators, and parents worked together to stop bullying (M ount, 2005). Social services can be useful through afterschool programs, specifically educating youth who might be at a greater risk of bullying and victimization. Social services can also work with parents to discuss parenting styles and attachments. Based onRead MorePrevention And Intervention Of Cyber Bullying Essay1458 Words   |  6 PagesPatchin set worth to study the topic of cyber-bullying, since there wasn’t much research on the topic up until that point. In Bullying Beyond the Schoolyard (2009), the authors paint a picture of the online aggressions adolescents are facing on a daily basis. Hinduja Patchin (2009) included stories of victims, ongoing research on cyber bullying, and an overall review of current legislature pertaining to the topic. The authors also highlight prevention and intervention strategies to educate studentsRead MoreThe Act Of Bullying Prevention Center Essay1102 Words   |  5 Pageswere the victims of this bullying. Also 13% of students have often been c alled insults based on their race, ethnicity, religion, gender, sexual orientation, and disability (National Bullying Prevention Center, 2016). The act of bullying have increased enormously in past five years in the United States. Worldwide, schools are intended to be safe places for students to learn valuable skills and grow. However, students will likely face negative experiences, such as bullying, which may cause them a lifelongRead MoreAnti-Bullying Prevention Proposal6403 Words   |  26 PagesRisk Prevention Proposal – XYZ High School Anti-Bullying Program 20130228 Juvenile Justice Prevention Program Proposal Section 1. DESCRIBE THE TARGET GROUP The direct target group is the current freshman class at suburban middle class XYZ High School (XYZHS). Naturally, as the sophomore, junior, and senior classes matriculate through the school, they will be indirectly affected by the program and expected to hold true to the lessons and values taught in the anti-bullying curriculaRead MoreFederal Government Prevention of Bullying2962 Words   |  12 PagesFederal Government Prevention of Bullying We have all heard the words; the words that tear us down and break us apart. A person can only bend so far before they break. No one is immune to it, we are all capable of bullying. By no means is bullying right; often times the repercussions of being bullied are devastating. Although there is no Federal law currently in place to prevent bullying, there are discrimination and harassment laws and many states have anti-bullying laws; there is hope for theRead MoreAnti Bullying Policies Of Association With Their Bullying Prevention And Intervention796 Words   |  4 PagesDespite current TDSB anti-bullying policies in association with their ’Bullying Prevention and Intervention’ website, interventive techniques were unrefined. The lack of interventive incentive stems to the issue of the nature of cyberbullying which occurs predominantly outside the administrative gaze. The degree of administrative paternalism in managing actions or circumstances of bullying negates the i ndividual victim s ability to negotiate, associate and resolve victim-bully interaction. By neglectingRead MoreBullying in School: Counselors’ Strategies for Prevention Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesBullying is defined as â€Å"verbal, physical, or psychological abuse or teasing accompanied by real or perceived imbalance of power† and is usually targets what children perceive as different (Olweus, 1993). Bullying is prevalent across the nation. It has devastating effects on students each day. Bullying is a problem for all students, regardless of race, gender or class. The National Education Association reports that 160,000 children are absent intentionally from school each day because they fear being

Little Red Riding Hood and Grandmother’s Tale Essay

Little Red Riding Hood and Grandmother’s tale Folktales has created men as the most powerful character in most stories but that does not mean always as there’s a difference in Grandmother’s tale and Little Red Riding hood. Different genders have different expectations according to their characteristics. The Red Riding Hood and Grandmother’s tale has produced ideas such as how a girl’s life is looked upon in the past and how the male has the upper hand in most situations according to the stories. This essay will argue about how the girl’s gender played a major role in the context of the story and how the wolf is represented by a male character and why the male is not always the most powerful character in all stories and the comparison†¦show more content†¦This is because needles are much harder to master and takes a lot of time to be good at it while pins are easy to use so this could mean that the male character has more experience than the female in life so he took the path of needles . In grandmother’s tale the wolf puts the grandmother’s blood and flesh for the girl to eat and drink. But the girl did not know anything about it so she drank it and while she was doing so the cat and the bird could represent society as they tried to stop her from drinking the grandmother’s blood. But she did not listen to what they were saying and listened to the wolf who then tells her to ‘take off [her] clothes and come to bed’. By doing what the wolf says this may be interpreted as how the wolf is trying to transform the girl into being like him by doing what he does. This could also mean the male character has more sexual experiences than the girl. Because needles are harder to use than pins which mean without practice needles can hurt. Furthermore, in Red Riding Hood she was wearing red which is the colour of blood as she was a virgin she became the prey of the wolf. The colour red attracts unnecessary attention when she was going through the forest. This tells us how naà ¯ve young girls can be and not being aware of her surroundings. She was born in a village so comparing to the children in the cities she is moreShow MoreRelatedShort Story : Little Red Riding Hood1364 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Little Red Riding Hood† is an extremely well known fairy tale that has been told across the globe in a multitude of versions. The story is often told with a young girl dressed in a hooded red coat, sent by her mother to deliver a basket of food to her sick grandmother. On the journey to her grandmother’s house, Little Red Riding Hood meets a wolf, whom she assumes to be good-natured. She tells him where she is headed and who she is planning on visiting. Although the little girl trusts the wolf,Read More The Pleasure Principle in Perraults Little Red Riding Hood and Brothers Grimm Little Red Cap1001 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent fields, including literature analysis. â€Å"Little Red Riding Hood†, written by Perrault in the 17th century, as well as in â€Å"The Little Red Cap†, written by the Brothers Grimm in the 19th century, are both famous folktales turned fairy tales about a young girl’s encounter with a cross-dressing wolf. The tale makes the clearest contrast between the safe world of the village and the dangers of the forest. It also seems to be a strong morality tale, teaching children not to â€Å"wander off the path†Read MoreAnalysis of Little Red Riding Hood Essay802 Words   |  4 PagesIn his story Little Red Riding Hood, Charles Perrault introduces the concept of being wary of strangers to his young audience. The story begins with a little girl getting instructions from her mother to take some bread and butter to her ailing grandmother. Shortly after her journey to her grandmothers cottage, the little girl comes in contact with a wolf. She engages in conversation with the wolf, informing him of her destination and the whereabouts of her grandmother. The wolf, being a cunningRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Fairy Tale 810 Words   |  4 Pages†§ Red in religions Red was used in different type of religion art, but they all symbolize fire and blood overall. (Gage, 1999) For example, red was a representation of Apostles and Martyrs’ feasts. (Gage, 1999) The importance of red in church was also been seen in the article written by Laura Dilloway. She mentioned that cardinals are the second rank of the Roman Catholic religion only below the Pope. When they are in choir, they would wear fully red robes. In usual time, the black robes theyRead MoreSymbols in the Fairy Tales and Folk Tales643 Words   |  3 Pagesprimitive way the mind operates, and within certain folktales, the true message is possible hidden beneath symbols. One folktale in particular, Little Red Riding Hood, is full of symbols with possible deeper meanings. For example some people have speculated that the red hood that Little Red Riding Hood wears is a symbol of the girls sexuality and the â€Å"little† in her nickname places an emphasis on her budding nature. Tha t is to say the young girl is in the beginning stages of becoming a woman and doesn’tRead MoreGender in Little Red Riding Hood of Charles Perrault Essay887 Words   |  4 Pagesof Little Red Riding Hood of Charles Perrault (1697) and Little Red-Cap of the Grimm Brothers (1812) show. This essay will describe some ideas about gender in different ways. First, the use of symbolic characters allows getting general ideas about the environment in the society rather than individuals. Second, it is possible to identify ideas about gender from the plot from the applied vocabulary providing a better understanding of the actions. Finally, the narrative perspective of the tales analyzesRead MoreFairy Tales Paper: A Retelling of Little Red Riding Hood941 Words   |  4 PagesAs we look back on the history of fairy tales, we find that they are stories passed down to generations through the oral tradition that generally include a moral or pervading theme that is meant to aid the listener. One characteristic of oral stories are the variations that often occurred with each retelling as a result of errors in translation and interpretations, as well as changes driven by the storyteller’s desire to share a particular point of view with the listener. A modern twist on theseRead MoreEssay about MacDonalds The Princess and the Goblin1242 Words   |  5 Pagesquestion whether she is a personification of a force within Irene that is driving her to achieve all that she does. There are many elements of fairy tales that exist within the grandmothers world and Irenes relationship with her grandmother and her nurse, Lootie. Archetypes such as the attic, birds, the moon, and fire exist within her grandmothers world and archetypes such as the underground exist within the world she guides Irene through. The grandmother embodies characteristics of the good witchRead MoreSeductions Faced in The Adventure to Success in Little Red Riding Hood by Charles Perrault858 Words   |  4 PagesLittle Red Riding Hood tells a story of a young and innocent girl, who was sent to look after her grandmother by her mother, however, she was distracted by the wolf and fell into the wolf’s trap, as a result, both her and her grandmother was eaten by the wolf. The story ends in a way which the readers may not anticipated, because most readers expect fairy tales to have a happy ending. In the beginning of the story, Charles Perrault created this character little red riding hood as an extremely lovableRead MoreLittle Red Ridding Hood1789 Words   |  8 PagesLittle Red Riding Hood: Good vs. Evil For generations there has always been a constant battle between good and evil. In society today, and societies in the past, people have struggled over the desire to be good, and the temptation to be evil. In one single tale we see different forms of good and evil, as well as how different ideas become viewed as good and evil as time goes on. The tale of Little Red Riding Hood is one that has allowed authors to write and rewrite over and over in order to

Learning Through Observation Free Essays

She was talking about a customer she had to deal with in the office and the husband started talking about a official, yet interesting case he was working on. He was talking about running tests, so I’m guessing he works some sort of Job in a hospital like setting or maybe a lab. After they talked about their work for a minute she started to talk about the baby they were expecting and how excited they were. We will write a custom essay sample on Learning Through Observation or any similar topic only for you Order Now She seemed nervous and wanted everything to be planned out and in order for when the baby came. He reassured her that she had been doing a great Job and he did not want her to work too hard or stress out. He even offered to take on more responsibilities around the house because he did not want her on her feet too much. The woman had a smile on her face. The couple seemed to have a very healthy relationship. What the husband was saying to his wife was very helpful. He wanted to relieve any stress that she had and reassured her that she is not alone going through these amazing life changes and that he was there for her. This observation was a good example of our two basic needs, affiliation and achievement. They are affectionate towards one another and the wife even congratulated him on his milestones at work. This was also a good example of how each person demonstrated generality. The husband is doing great tit work and the woman is expecting a baby. If the couple was not so supportive the relationship dynamic could be completely different. There could be a lot more stress on both of them and less intimacy, therefore more Isolation according to Erosion’s Intimacy verse Isolation and the human need for Intimacy. This couple also fit the standards of our society’s social clock. The couple seemed financially stable, they were married, in their early thirties and expecting what is probably their first child. These are the appropriate endeavors one might expect from someone in their hearties in America. It was a Saturday evening around 7 o’clock July 20, 2013. I went to Kingfisher the restaurant with my boyfriend. We ended up sitting next to a couple who looked to be in their thirties. The couple looked to me to be a happy one. They were married; you stress out. He even offered to take on more responsibilities around the house stress on both of them and less intimacy, therefore more isolation according to Erosion’s intimacy verse isolation and the human need for intimacy. This couple also fit the standards of our society social clock. The couple seemed financially stable, How to cite Learning Through Observation, Essays

The Life of Mozart free essay sample

The Life of Mozart My book report is from the biography of Mozart written by Robert W. Stuntman. It was illustrated by the Jacket art courtesy of Music Lovers Society and was published by Harcourt Brace and Company. It was printed In New York City and the year of publication was 1999. Mozart was born In Salisbury, Austria, the son of composer, musical author, and violinist, Leopold Mozart and his wife, Anna Maria Pertly. His given names were Johann Chromosome Wolfgang Audiophiles, the last of which is Goodliest in German, and Amadeus in Latin.He used Wolfgang and Amadeus in his signature, so he is nearly known by these two names. He displayed marked musical gifts very early, playing the keyboard confidently when aged four, composing his first pieces for it aged five, and quickly mastering the violin. Leopold was keen to exhibit his sons extraordinary talents, along with those of his gifted pianist-daughter, Maria-Anna (called Manner) (17511829), and he undertook a series of tours across Europe with them when Mozart was Just SIX years old. In 1767 the family went to Vienna for five months, where Mozart wrote an opera buffo (comic opera) for the Emperor, La flat simple (trans, the Pretend Simpletons; ND a Single (a German-language opera with some spoken dialogue), Abstain undo Abstinent (1769), commissioned by DRP Franz Anton Messes. However, in Vienna, the Italian musicians at court, including the composer Antonio Saltier, made it difficult for him to produce his operas. He returned to Salisbury, and was appointed honorary Concertmaster to Archbishop Sigmund von Scratching.There followed three extended visits by father and son to Italy (17702). Musical experience gained on these tours helped mold Mozart style, especially In dramatic music. He was prolific, writing sacred vocal pieces and Instrumental works too. By 1 772 he had written about 25 symphonies (some are lost), and his first quartets. Further quartets and symphonies followed during and after a visit to Vienna in 1773, when he came into contact with Heydays music.Between 17756 he composed two operas: La flat Gardenia (trans The Lady Who Disguised Herself as a Gardener) and II Re Pastors (The Shepherd King); five violin concertos; the Huffier Serenade, and masses for the Salisbury Court Chapel. Bach, Haydn, Handel, and the Italian composers were all major influences on him at the time. Unhappy with the austere and unmusical Archbishop Colored of Salisbury, who was appointed at the death of Sigmund, Mozart left his service in 1777 and, traveling with his mother, sought employment elsewhere.They stayed at Anaheim, where he composed some Plano concertos and flute quartets, and fell In love with a coloratura soprano, Alyssa Weber. In 1778 his mother died in Paris. He composed Salisbury. Mozart visited the Webber on his way back to find that Alyssa seemed to have forgotten him entirely. Back in Salisbury, Mozart reluctantly accepted the post of court organist (1779). At this time he composed the Coronation Mass (1779), the Assassin Concentrate in E Flat Major for Violin, Viola and Orchestra, and the Serenade in D Major.In 1780 he received an important commission from Munich, the opera series (serious opera) Demimonde. In 1781 Colored summoned Mozart to Vienna for the coronation of Emperor Joseph II. Again, he left the archbishops service, this time after a stormy scene, but remained in Vienna, which became his home for the rest of his short, full Alyssa Weber had married a court actor and Mozart had turned his attentions to ere sister Constance, whom he married in 1782 the year of his Single, Die Neutering ass deem Serial (The Abduction from the Harem).Married life was humorous and happy, but financially insecure. Mozart eked out his income by teaching. He and Constants had six children, two of whom survived. He became a Freemason in 1784, and in the same year he produced six piano concertos. In 1785 he composed a further three, and in 1786 three more. These marked the rich flowering of his maturity, along with the six quartets dedicated to Haydn; the Line and Prague symphonies; and the three Italian comic masterpieces composed to libretti byLorenz dad Point: Lee nozzle did Figaro (1786, The Marriage of Figaro, after Beneficiaries), Don Giovanni (first performed in Prague, 1787), and Coos fan tutee 11790, trans. Thus All Women). The string quintets in C major and G minor (1787), the last three symphonies (1788) including his masterpiece of counterpoint, the Symphony no. 41 in C Major, the Jupiter the quartets for the King of Prussia, and a clarinet quintet mark the peak of his instrumental powers. The letters to fellow Masons in his last three years make sad reading, reflecting his countless anxieties about finance or health.He hoped for new commissions or a court post on the accession of Emperor Leopold II, but nothing was forthcoming. In 1791 he applied unsuccessfully for the post of Experimentalist of SST Stephens Cathedral. His last complete works were the Masonic Single, Die Subterfuge (1791, ere Magic Flute); an opera series, La clemency did Toto (1791, The mercy of Toto), and a clarinet concerto for Loopholes coronation. Commissioned by an unknown stranger to compose the Requiem Mass, Mozart became obsessed with the idea that it was for his own death, and he died before the work was finished after a three-week fever.No convincing evidence about the cause of death has come to light, although there has been much speculation about it. Deeply in debt at the time of his death, Mozart did not live long enough to enjoy the financial rewards from the success of The Magic Flute, and was buried in a paupers grave. Even though I did not get a chance to read the whole entire book, I thought that Mozart life was interesting and worthwhile. He seemed a little kooky at times, but interpreting Mozart life. The book was a little hard to follow but it gave me much to rite about him and learned more about his work.

Administration of appropriate behavior in children

Administration of appropriate behavior in children A child’s behavior is very imperative in determining the future of a society; therefore, monitoring one’s child/adolescent behavior enables the parents to track any changes, which would deserve correction. According Chance (2003), behavior builds up into one’s character and therefore, parents play an important role in shaping a child’s character (p.65). Psychologists divide punishment as either positive or negative.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Administration of appropriate behavior in children specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Positive punishment is the â€Å"presentation of a stimulus that decreases the future likelihood of a behavior to occur†¦negative punishment is the removal of a stimulus that decreases the likelihood of a behavior to occur in future† (Domjan Burkhard, 1982, p.67). In both cases, the punishment works to reduce the likelihood of future occurrence of beh avior. If used appropriately, punishment can eliminate an odd behavior. The only disadvantage is that it takes a great deal of time and energy to implement. Behavior modification by punishment is very complex. Effective punishment administration is very specific in its order of delivery. Delivering punishment in a state of anger may result in violation of the rules of effective punishment administration hence end up with negative results (Domjan, 1996, p.28). Secondly, children learn best from copying their parents’ behaviors. However, children may grow to develop aggressive behaviors to cope up with their problems. Punishment works to eliminate inappropriate behavior but there is no introduction of other appropriate behaviors to replace the inappropriate one. The child ends up replacing an inappropriate behavior with an inappropriate one. By default, the disadvantages of punishment far out do the advantages. Another form of administering the correct behavior is by use of rei nforcement, but it can also be negative or positive. Reinforcement is the â€Å"introduction or removal of a stimulus that increases the occurrence of a certain behavior in future† (Michael, 2005, p. 219). Therefore, parents should dwell on the positive reinforcement; for instance, a parent might decide to take a child out upon completion of a certain task. This way, parents introduce an appropriate behavior to replace the inappropriate one hence parents should embrace it. Parents should embrace reinforcement as its advantages outdo those of punishment. References Chance, P. (2003) Learning and Behavior. Toronto: Thomson-Wadsworth.Advertising Looking for essay on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Domjan, M. (1996). Essentials of conditioning and learning. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole. Domjan, M., Burkhard, B. (1982). The principles of learning and behavior. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole. Michael, J. (2005). Positive and negative reinforcement, a distinction that is no Longer necessary; or a better way to talk about bad things. Journal of  Organizational Behavior Management, 24, 207–222.

Free Essays on Absolute Monarchy

An absolute monarchy is a form of government where the ruler has the power to rule their country and citizens freely with out any laws or legally organized opposition telling the monarchy what to do, although some religious authority may be able to influence the monarch. Basically an absolute monarch has total power over its people and land which includes the aristocracy. The political theory which forms the basis of absolute monarchy was that the monarch held their position by the grace of God and was therefore not answerable to anyone but God. Absolute monarchy developed in the late Middle Ages from feudalism during which monarchs were still first among the nobility. The power of the monarch is limited by the need to have some measure of support by the aristocracy. The aristocracy would be subordinate to the monarchy, provide political and military support for the monarchy, yet may also, from time to time, challenge its authority. Much of the attraction of absolute monarchy in the Middle Ages was that it promised an end to civil wars, could put an end to corruption by the aristocracy, and restore attention to the Church's moral codes. The political thought of the Enlightenment was influenced by philosophers such as Jean Bodin, Thomas Hobbes, and Jacques-Benigne Bossuet. Jean Bodin was a French Renaissance philosopher and one of the first thinkers to defend absolutism. He wrote Six livres de la RÃ ¨publique in 1576 (Six Books of the Republic). He argued how Kings should be given the right to rule over everyone of his subjects and the political institutions they had by unrestrained laws. However, he also limited the power by saying rulers should be held by social customs and natural law. Thomas Hobbes believed in the theory of absulte monarchy. Thomas had lived through the English civil wars and the execution of Charles I in 1649 which had strengthened his resolve that absolutism was the most logical and desirable... Free Essays on Absolute Monarchy Free Essays on Absolute Monarchy An absolute monarchy is a form of government where the ruler has the power to rule their country and citizens freely with out any laws or legally organized opposition telling the monarchy what to do, although some religious authority may be able to influence the monarch. Basically an absolute monarch has total power over its people and land which includes the aristocracy. The political theory which forms the basis of absolute monarchy was that the monarch held their position by the grace of God and was therefore not answerable to anyone but God. Absolute monarchy developed in the late Middle Ages from feudalism during which monarchs were still first among the nobility. The power of the monarch is limited by the need to have some measure of support by the aristocracy. The aristocracy would be subordinate to the monarchy, provide political and military support for the monarchy, yet may also, from time to time, challenge its authority. Much of the attraction of absolute monarchy in the Middle Ages was that it promised an end to civil wars, could put an end to corruption by the aristocracy, and restore attention to the Church's moral codes. The political thought of the Enlightenment was influenced by philosophers such as Jean Bodin, Thomas Hobbes, and Jacques-Benigne Bossuet. Jean Bodin was a French Renaissance philosopher and one of the first thinkers to defend absolutism. He wrote Six livres de la RÃ ¨publique in 1576 (Six Books of the Republic). He argued how Kings should be given the right to rule over everyone of his subjects and the political institutions they had by unrestrained laws. However, he also limited the power by saying rulers should be held by social customs and natural law. Thomas Hobbes believed in the theory of absulte monarchy. Thomas had lived through the English civil wars and the execution of Charles I in 1649 which had strengthened his resolve that absolutism was the most logical and desirable...

Portfolio Cover Letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Portfolio Cover Letter - Essay Example However, the main assignments made me come to the realization that I had a long way to go to become an accomplished writer. The connect assignment, the literature review and rhetorical analysis essay as well as the class wikis were some of the assignments we engaged in and while the first ones were pretty simple, however as they became more structured and complex in nature it became more challenging. Assignments such as the forums, essays and creating my Twitter page about Journey to the west were all helpful in enabling me to better structure my writing and integrate the skills that I had gained from connect assignments. Each subsequent writing assignment enabled me to better my skills and open my mind to new, unique and creative ideas. I had the most difficulty with the wiki assignment since I had not yet learned how to be flexible in my writing enough to provide what was needed by the professor. It was also the first time creating a wiki and while I had thought that the presence of links within the information I was giving was optional, I did not do the assignment with as open a mind as I should have had. I also had a difficult time clearly researching on the provided topic which I think actively contributed to the low grade that I got. I did feel a sense of disappointment but fast came to the realization that I could improve and I therefore decided to take the comments that I had been given to heart instead of looking at it from a negative point of view. The connect assignments were also key in my growth; when we first began, I thought that it would be easy since I was familiar with the use of verbs and shifting tenses however the intensity and difficulty of the assignments got to me and I soon found that I was struggling to keep to the set time for handing in the assignments. However, while I was at times late, my level of engagement in each of the assignments I did was consistent and on point since I was driven by

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act - Essay Example 2008). Wellstar produces xylophine, an anti depressant drug. The company had been accessed recently by ‘Pollution Control Agency’ and the results tended to meet the state requirement. This is a good aspect in relation to environmental conservation. This aspect indicates a fact that the company does not pose any threats to the indigenous people around it. A recent access of the company indicated that Wellstar produces 500kilograms of nickel catalyst as production resultant wastes each month. The company has a policy of preventing the deposition of the catalyst product into the atmosphere but apparently, the nickel substances end up into the soil resulting to the killing of vegetation in the region. Nickel does not have an immediate impact on human pollution however; it accumulates in the soil as well as aquatic plants and animals such as fish. A high concentration of nickel leads to formation of compound as it is highly reactive with various gases in the atmosphere. These compounds are carcinogenic and mostly result to lung cancer infection. These notion violets Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 40CFR part 268, which provides regulation of waste disposal thus prohibiting the disposal of hazardous waste on land without prior treatment. Excessive nickel in plants also affects their growth thus leading to statured growth in plant. This decreases the production level of farms produce as well as raw materials for production and manufacturing industries. Minnesota is a leading Agricultural state in the United State of America and thus the resultant effects of the environmental pollution posed by Wellstar Company may in turn affect neighbouring states negative impacts to the eco nomic systems of these states. Low production of farm products might lead to the rise of food prices in the market. The old Waste Management act

Brand loyalty

Brand loyalty INTRODUCTION Brand loyalty is the preference of the consumer to buy a particular brand in a specific product category. Brand loyalist have the following mindset: I am committed to this brand, I am willing to pay a higher price for this brand over other brands and I will recommend this brand to other (Giddens, 2002). Greater loyalty leads to numerous benefits such as an improved market share, decline in marketing cost and improved opportunities for brand extension to name a few (Martin evans). The Business Cycle Dating Committee of the National Bureau of Economic research determined that in December 2007 the U.S. economy reached its peak in economic activities. The peak marked the end of the expansion period that began in November 2001 and the start of the recession episode. Recession is a considerable decline in all economic activity which affects employment, production and real income spread over the economy. The recession has forced many consumers to prioritise and cut back spending. But how will consumers cut back and by how much, will vary immensely by brand and by category. The money consumers spend on various brands in different product categories would vary person to person but one thing that remains constant is that each one evokes a set of positive feelings like powerful, confident, young, happy, stylish etc. Consequently, for a brand to do well in an economic downturn, it is vital for the brand to do more than just satisfy a need or service. It must create and maintain an emotional connection with its customers which would induce positive feelings in them and hence the consumer will keep coming back for more (Isakovich, 2008). In this regard, this research proposal would answer a few questions regarding the effects of recession on brand loyalty of consumers in the U.S. Firstly, how store brands have become more popular than name brands in supermarkets. Lastly, how luxury brands have benefitted even through recession. The structure of the proposal would include methodology, its literature review, research techniques, research time-table and a conclusion. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Research methodology is a system of principles and methods of procedure followed by a researcher of any discipline. There are several paradigms of research methodology. The most quoted definition of paradigm is Thomas Kuhns (1962, 1970) concept in The Nature of Science Revolution, i.e. paradigm as the underlying assumptions and intellectual structure upon which research and development in a field of inquiry is based. The main components of a paradigm are ontology, epistemology and methodology. Under these comes the comparative study of different approaches like positivism, interpretivism and critical theory. Ontology is reality and the state of being. It is how things exist in the world. It is how we view objects in studies (Lecture 2). Reality can be subjective or objective. For example are people with free will wholly responsible for their actions or is life predetermined by situations. Subjectivists believe that something comes into existence only when one experiences it and gives it meaning. They believe that people have their own beliefs assumptions and perceptions so they experience realities in different ways. While objectivists consider that reality is independent of those who exist in it. From their point of view people react to situations in a predictable way since their behaviour is a part of the material world these can be determined by causes (Hatch, 2006). There are a few assumptions which have to be explained in order to carry out this research: Store brands also include private-label brands Luxury brands are the companies which sell true luxury commodities. In this study hypermarkets are also taken into account. Recession is still prevalent but the economy is improving so the study is of when it was at its worst. Brand loyalty will be restored to its original state once consumers have disposable income to spend. Epistemology is the theory of knowledge in which we study how we know the world (Lecture 2). It basically investigates and answers questions like how do people generate knowledge? How do we discriminate knowledge (for example: good from bad or valid from invalid)? How should reality be represented? Epistemology and ontology is interlinked since answers to these questions help to forge and depend on ontological assumptions (Hatch, 2006). Epistemology can be of two categories either positivist or interpretivist. Positive Epistemology is the search of accurate representation which is objective in nature (Lecture 2). It assumes one can learn about what actually happens in organizations by categorizing and scientifically measuring the behaviour of individuals and systems. They generate knowledge by gathering data and analysing it, then develop hypotheses and propositions and finally test these against the external reality to see if they are accurate (Hatch, 2006).Positivists use more of t he quantitative methods like questionnaires and surveys. Based on these methods they derive theoretical models for factual explanations. Interpretivist believe that there are multiple and subjective interpretations of the world. This means that there can be numerous understandings and interpretations of reality. Interpretive epistemology helps us to apply methods designed to understand meanings made by others and how they come to make these meanings (Hatch, 2006). The third approach is critical theory which is governed by conflicting, underlying structures -political, social, economic, ethnic, gender. Individuals can reconstruct their world by way of action and critical reflection (Voce, 2004). Methodology is figuring out how can the researcher go about finding out whatever she/he believes can be known (Guba, 1994). There are basically two ways or carrying out research Quantitative and Qualitative. According to ontology and epistemology the methodology is chosen. So if the ontology is objective then epistemology will be positivist and methodology will be quantitative. So in positivism quantitative methods are used like surveys, questionnaires and quantitative analysis. Positivists need more data and large samples to prove their study. But if the ontology is subjective then epistemology will be interpretivist and methodology will be qualitative. Interpretivists use qualitative methods like case studies, interviews and ethnographic style of investigation. Here researchers can lose context with large samples. Many researchers combine both quantitative and qualitative methods in one study this is known as the triangulation approach. This research proposal would be positivistic. The objects here would be independent from the external environment. Brand loyalty in customers is based on consumer behaviour which is predictable. In recession, since the disposable income of consumers have reduced it is very obvious that consumers will shift to cheaper brands in the short term. This brings brand loyalty down for the commodity or service. The research questions specifically are how store brands have become more popular than name brands and how luxury brands have benefitted through recession also. Addressing the first question it is based on consumer preferences which can be studied using quantitative methods. For example: does Mr.Simon prefer brand A over brand B in toothpastes? These results are quantifiable and are objective. Since we are addressing the issue of recession in the U.S., we have to keep in mind and study the product type as well since luxury brands did well in these times. Since luxury brands are bought by the wealthy, these brands did well. Not that the rich were not affected by recession but there are several reasons (discussed in the literature review) that the rich could not keep away from these brands. The behaviour of the affluent is predictable and one of the major causes luxury brands are flourishing. LITERATURE REVIEW A study released by Boston Consulting Group on 30th April, 2008 indicated that 73% of Americans said that they intended to cut down on spending in the next twelve months. In reality, spending has been on a steady drop each month since July 2008 (Bureau of Economics Analysis, 2008).The significance of brands for consumers in the U.S. has been continuously declining. Only 27% of Americans said they were ready to trade up for a superior brand (McGregor, 2008). Research denotes that the less personal the commodity, the lower the need to stay loyal to a particular brand (Isakovich, 2008). This research will cover two broad product categories which are household items and luxury goods. Due to the recession, one way consumers are cutting back on spending is by substituting more expensive name brands with less expensive store or private label alternatives (Isakovich, 2008). This is mostly seen in supermarkets since consumer have a wide variety of name and store products to choose from. Retailers are also sensing shopper experimentation. Supermarkets like Safeway Inc. and Kroger Co. recorded that sales of their store brands were on the rise. In this economy, customers are much more willing to try a private-label item, and were seeing signs that this is happening more and more as the year progresses, Kroger CEO David Dillon said on a conference call (Brown, 2008). Thomas Falk (CEO) of Kimberly -Clark Corp noted that the companys once famous potty training which used to be one of the biggest sales growth products in the baby aisle has reduced in it sales and consumers now prefer diapers since the diaper is less expensive (Brown, 2008). Mintel International, a market research company by interviewing 3000 customers found out that 40% of primary household shoppers said they would buy store brand paper because it is cheaper than national brands. This is one product category where consumer strictly trade for budgetary reasons. Paper napkin, facial tissue and paper towels suffered the sharpest declines in the past year though toilet paper did well (Brown, 2008). Laundry habits were another sector in which change in consumption patterns was seen. Consumers shifted to cheaper detergents and softeners this is a rare shift since it is one of the most brand loyal among product categories (Brown, 2008).According to Nielson Co. private label soaps and other bath products did very well and were up by 23% and skin care products was up by 16%. It is obvious that lower incomes consumers were hit the most and reacted to changes quickly by changing to store brands. Upper income consumers have also started reacting to prices. According to a survey conducted by IRI consumers with household incomes of $100,000 are making considerable changes. A report Shopper in crisis found that upper -income consumers had reduced spending on nonessential groceries by 41%. In another IRI survey of 1000 respondents of all income levels, 52% of consumers said they try to make personal -care items last longer and a quarter of them share these products with household members (Brown, 2008). Nielson reported from late November 2008 that private label brands grew in the U.S. to $81 billion that would a 10% growth from 2007 (Wong, 2008). This study also reported that 72% of respondents viewed private label brands while 62% viewed store brands as good alternatives to name brands (Wong, 2008). There is empirical evidence that consumers have shifted to private label or store brands and have become more loyal to name brands. In numerous of product categories people often buy the same products or brands repeatedly either as several purchases or on the same purchase, For example groceries, we buy them week after week but that does not show our loyalty towards the brands. Consumers are brand loyal when even if a cheaper option is available the consumer would still be committed to a brand due to trust (Martin evans). Riechheld (1988) argued that repeat purchasing pattern of a consumer cannot be called loyalty. Since here consumers are forgoing trust and accepting a lower quality product and are willing to change to a less expensive alternate. This aspect of research should be analysed as well. This one of the drawback of this research whether repeat purchasing behaviour can be called brand loyalty or not. The marketing and branding are very different for luxury commodities compare to household commodities. As for luxury goods their business plan places trust designer and his artistic vision and anticipates that it will lure customers. There are several reasons why consumers purchase luxurious brands. Some of which is uniqueness of the brand /product, materialistic attitude of the consumer, quality associated with the brand, functional advantages and financial associations with luxury product (Shukla, 2009). The rich tend to fly towards quality this is reason that luxury brands will survive the recession specially the ones with heritage and a strong identity (Fellowes, 2008). The rich continue to spend on private jets, boats, cars, art, jewellery and beautiful garments. This is because they are used to it but now during recession they will buy carefully and ensure value for their money. Prince and associates, a consulting company conducted a recent survey which saw that consumers worth more than $10million including assets intended to increase their expenditure this year on luxury goods but those with less than that will cut back (Sullivan, 2007). In these times of recession it is important that we differentiate between affordable luxury and true luxury. The affordable luxury sector especially cars, travel, perfumes and clothing which have been hit by recession. Since the broader market is subdued, as middle-income consumers have deserted luxury brands which they used to buy during the good times. This is why profits of the affordable luxury companies have significantly dropped (Clark, 2009). The Companies which come under true luxuries have actually flourished even during recession. Since only a few individuals have cash to spare they look for genuine luxury and not something everyone can own (Clark, 2009). These brands have to have an image of exclusivity and qual ity but at the same time they should achieve enough scale to be profitable. Brand like these have very glamorous stores and boutiques, their goods are never crammed into sales racks or sold at discount stores. Louis Vuitton, Hermes and Rolls-Royce are a few of the companies which did well even in the face of recession. According to the Top 100 Most Powerful Brands, Louis Vuitton tops the luxury category with a enormous brand value of $19.4 billion and following behind is Hermes at $7.86 billion (Sherman, 2009). Despite the Automotive industry not doing well in recession but the luxurious car manufacturer Rolls-Royce accounted a 20% increase in sales for the year 2008. According to the company it sold 1010 cars in 2007 compared to 1212 cars in 2008 (Clark, 2009). Providing Empirical evidence and conceptual understanding it now clear that all luxury commodities did not flourish during the economic downturn. It was only the very exclusive and unique brands that were successful. Other mid-market retailers of luxury brands did not abide by this and reduced their prices. For example Saks Fifth Avenue went on a price cut rampage last fall, offering 70% discount on several high-end brands. But stores like Louis Vuitton remained at full price. Strategies should be implemented but in such a way that the exclusivity of the brand should not be lost whether in good or bad times. RESEARCH METHODS Research methodology and research methods are interlinked because methodology determines which methods to use quantitative or qualitative. In reference with this research proposal, ontology is objective which makes epistemology; positivism therefore the methodology used here would be Quantitative. Research questions under consideration are firstly, how store brands have become more popular than name brands in supermarkets and lastly, how luxury brands have benefitted even through recession. Both have a positivistic approach, so to investigate this topic, more of quantitative methods will be used. Usually both quantitative and qualitative methods are combined in order to get the fuller picture. Methodology can be only one but methods can vary. In this study of how brand loyalty was affected in the U.S. due to recession, several research methods can be used. Some of which are interviews, questionnaires, surveys, focus groups, case studies, observation, laboratory experiments and mathematical modelling. Interviews can be structured, semi-structured or unstructured. In structured the question are preset, in semi-structured the some questions are preset the rest are spontaneous and in unstructured there are no preset questions only a framework of the research questions. Structured Interviews are more quantitative in nature. Questionnaires and survey are also quantitative method of research. These have open or close ended questions which individuals answer. There are various mediums to do a survey via mail or telephone or face to face. Written questionnaires and surveys have a coding system to analyse their results. Laboratory experiments and mathematical modelling are also quantitative methods. Case-studies and observations ar e qualitative methods. Being a positivist study, the research methods which will be employed will be structured interviews and Questionnaires. Structured interviews will be used to answer the first research question on store brands and Questionnaires will be utilized for the second research question on luxury brands. To test whether store or private label brands did better than name brands in supermarkets structured interviews would be planned with supermarket giants in the U.S. A representative of the market research team would be interviewed in order to gain insights and facts into this topic. Using questionnaires for this topic would be difficult because there is a very huge market to cover since lower, middle and upper income consumers reacted during recession. These interviews will be structured and through the telephone (convenient and less time consuming). There will be five supermarkets involved Aldi, Costco, Kroger, Safeway and Wal-mart supercenters. Interviewers will be informed that where their information will be used and all the necessary background information will be given beforehand. The length of the interview will be merely 20 minutes. There will be four questions asked. For example: has the market share of their store brand increased? According to them the cause of this increa sed popularity? Which products were doing very well as store brands? What does the future hold for name brands endorsed in their respective supermarkets? There will be one open ended question at the end of the interview. If possible within the level of confidentiality secondary data supporting the information just given will be requested for. This would help since there will be a back up of empirical evidence. Questionnaires will be utilized to prove that the brand loyalty of luxury brands in U.S. consumers was intact during recession. These questionnaires will be sent out to consumers and their families worth more than ten million dollars including assets. Since the range is so restrictive in money matters there will be no age barrier. This Questionnaire will let us know that whether the ultra wealthy are ready to spend on true luxury brands or not. These Questionnaires will be emailed to suitable candidates. Assuming the response rate of questionnaires is only 20%, 5000 questionnaires will have to be sent out in order to get 1000 respondents. There will be very little cost associated with these questionnaires. The Questionnaire will provide clear instructions for respondents and will state the purpose and aims of the study. Respondents will not have to disclose their names but they will have to disclose their age and income. There will be an income and age bracket which they will have to place themselves in at the end of the questionnaire. There would be a code to analyse results since there will be there will be all multiple choice questions. There will be one question in the end which will not be a multiple choice and the respondents will have to express their views. Examples of questions would be: Do you feel brand loyal towards any luxurious brand? Do you still purchase these brands? What is the average price range you would spend annually on these brands? How often do you purchase products from these brands? Why are you loyal to these brands? Other than the last question all other questions are multiple choice questions. There are several problems which one can face with these research methods. Structured interviews may be expensive and time consuming. It is open to manipulation in answers by the interviewer. It might be also difficult to summarise findings. Interviewing giants can be a problem because they might not want to disclose information regarding their brand because of several reasons. A questionnaire has its own set of problems. They have a very low response rate and responses can be biased. Many of the respondents may not understand the questions. Its not certain that the intended individual filled in the questionnaire. Lastly, we cannot check responses with the respondent (Nef, 2008). Data Protection and ethics have also become an integral part of a research topic. In this research data will be held fairly, lawfully, accurately and relevantly. It will not be used for any future purposes and will not be held any longer than necessary. Ethics will also be taken care of while dealing with individuals. Confidentiality and anonymity of respondents will be respected. The research design will be reviewed to further ensure integrity and quality. There is no forms of compulsion to take part in the research it is purely voluntary. There is no sexism or racism involved in this study. CONCLUSION Impulsive buying used to be one of the most distinct features of American Consumers. According to Abrahams (1997) 62% of supermarket and 80% of luxury -goods sales in the U.S. were impulsive (Zhang, 2009). But these are the two product categories in which due to recession either people are moving to name brands in supermarkets or are buying luxury goods very carefully to ensure value for money. The basic aim of this research is to show how the popularity of store brands have increased and how the luxury brand still make profits during recession. The recession has created great opportunities for store brands to advance their market position. As for the luxury brands, true luxury will always sell at its highest price so it remains exclusive and unique. Both product categories one of household items and the other of luxury commodities are very different but it shows a contrast in the market which is affected by the recession. Bibliography Brown, E. (2008). At the Supermarket Checkout, Frugality Trumps Brand Loyalty . Wall Street Journal , D1. Bureau of Economics Analysis. (2008, November 25th). National Incone and product accounts. Retrieved from Hhttp://www.bea.gov/nationalH Clark, N. (2009, February 24th). Luxury brands ditch mass-market strategy as credit crunch deepens. Marketing magzine. Fellowes, J. (2008, October 17th). Financial crisis: Luxury brands boom as rich fly to quality. Telegraph. Giddens, N. (2002, August). Brand Loyalty. Guba, L. a. (1994). Handbook of Qualitative Research. In Competing paradigms in qualitative research (p. Chapter 6). U.S.A: Sage Publishers. Hatch, M. a. (2006). Organisation Theory:Modern,Symbolic and Postmodern Perspectives. What is Organisational Theory Handout . Oxford: Oxford University Press. Isakovich, H. (2008). How brands can capitalize on an economic downturn. Consumer spending in a recession. New York: Interbrand. Martin evans, A. J. (3rd edition). Consumer Behaviour. John Willey and Sons. McGregor, J. (2008, April 30th). Consumer Spending in a Recession. Retrieved from Businessweek: http://www.businessweek.com/careers/managementiq/archives/2009/04/consumer_spendi.html Mclean, C. (n.d.). Research Methodology. Lecture 2. Nef. (2008). Comparison chart. Retrieved from http://www.proveandimprove.org/new/meaim/documents/CompareChart.pdf. Sherman, L. (2009, May 10th). Powerful luxury brands that say, what recession?. Forbes. Shukla, D. P. (2009, May 1st). Luxury brands in recession: Developing a better value proposition and luxury brand strategy . Retrieved from Perspectives: http://pauravshukla.blogspot.com/2009/05/luxury-brands-in-recession-developing.html Sullivan, A. (2007, March 7th). Luxury brands covet the recession-proof. 1. New York Times. Voce, A. (2004, November). Introduction to research paradigms. Handout for Qualitative Research Module. Wong, E. (2008, November 17th). Nielson: Private Label Deemed Equal to Name Brands. BrandWeek . Zhang, Y. (2009). Power-Distance Belief and Impulsive Buying. Journal of Marketing Research, 4.

Kes the Play

kes In this assignment I am writing about the play called†kes†how Barry Hines the author of Kes brought his characters to life. He has gone into great detail and time to produce this play by trying to bring his characters to reality by their language , the surroundings of that area and the clothing they wear. The area where this scene is set is in a rough, unpleasant place, Barnsley. Although Barnsley is local to us, it is an industrial working class area were poor unwealthy people go to work and try to make end meet to feed their families. All these characters show how they act as normal on an ordinary day, because Barry Hines needed to get across the description that effect his characters in the play. Billy did not have a good relationship between his family his mom and brother. His mom does not care for Billy, all she wants to do is go to parities and knockabout with men, this shows that her children don’t come first in her life. Billy clothes are dirty and appalling with wholes and stains in them because he doesn’t wash his clothes. In the morning when he wakes up his mom doesn’t leave tea in the pot for him and tells him to go to the shop for her to buy cigs, before he goes to school, so Billy will be late, Billy runs out the house and goes to school after having an argument with his mom to go to the shop for cigs. His mom doesn’t have any money for him for hi school dinner because she spent it the night before or she needs it for the night ahead. Billys brother Jud steals his snap for school and takes his bike so Billy’s got nothing for school. Jud went out one night and got really drunk when he came home, Jud woke Billy up to undress him because he was too drunk to do it himself, it is the only way Billy can get his own back by slapping and shouting at him â€Å"you drunken sow og pig bastard. Billys school life is not much better than his home life; his school is run down, horrible and dirty. He thinks the whole world is against him and does get along with other kids in school he doesn’t knock about with any mate’s accept his kestrel bird. Barry Hines the other of Kes describes a bewildering scene into which Billy fits appropriately when he is fighting over a schoolmate over his brother â€Å"Im not frightened of him that would be if he were here I bet I know somebody who could fight him. Soon the fight broke out in the playground everyone gathered round. There is one teacher in the school that takes and interest in Billy due to the hawk. He helped Billy against McDowel so Billy would not get into trouble. The teacher Mr Farthering finds out about Billy’s hawk and asked if he could see the bird. The kestrel is the only pleasure Billy gets in his life, he found it in the formers land in the forest and asked if he could have it, ever since he has owned Kes (name of the bird) he’s been training it, he was so interested in this bird he went to the library to find a book on kestrel but he was not allowed to take it out because he was not a member so he stole it, because Billy was not wealthy his brother and him had to share a bed together. Billy has a paper round, when he goes to collect his papers he steals chocolates and drinks he does this because he is hungry and he probably doesn’t get enough food at home. Billy does his papers in a bad area, the owner of the newsagent Mr Potter said Billys brother Jud gave Billy ? 10 to go and bet on a hoarse, so he went down prepared to bet for Jud as he was down there, Billy spoke to one of Jud’s mates and said it wasn’t worth betting on that hoarse, well Billy did not need to be told twice so he used the money to buy food for him and his bird. As soon as Jud found out his hoarse won and there was no bet on it he went looking for Billy, but Billy hid every time he saw his brother, so Jud stopped looking and went to find Billys only friend in the world and killed his hawk. As soon as Billy found his bird he ran and buried it in the field and went to bed.

World’s Best Poem Essay

Adam Shefsky ENG 4UZ Ms. Eldridge Thursday, March 11, 2010 Sonnet 18 by  William Shakespeare Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st; Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Adam Shefsky ENG 4UZ Ms. Eldridge Thursday, March 11, 2010 The Real Shakespeare Essay / Analysis†¦okay maybe not an essay†¦ Poetry is a great way for a person to express what they are feeling, or what they feel about a certain subject through words. Following simple guidelines poets are able to create poetry that affects the way you may think about a certain topic or might have a strong emotional impact on you. Although there are many poems that can be considered great, only one can be the best. And that poem was written by William Shakespeare. It is titled Sonnet 18 and is a poem that centers on the feelings of love and admiration for a woman, by comparing the woman to nature’s beauty. As well as being well written and meaningful, this poem also earns its position as the world’s best poem by being one of the most well-known poems by Shakespeare, being quoted by many men trying to impress the women they are with. Sonnet 18 is also one of the rare poems that contain both sound devices and symbolism throughout each stanza. The use of both these poetic devices bring this poem together well, by having the rhythmic movement throughout the poem as well as having the symbolisms giving it a more creative and unique style. The sound devices that are found and used throughout the poem range from rhyming, alliteration, and repetition. As well as sound devices, Shakespeare used many symbolisms throughout the poem; Shakespeare used different examples of similes and metaphors, alternating between using the two throughout the stanzas. Not many poems contain both sound devices and symbolism, but when used together well you get a poem that is not only meaningful and interesting but also complex enough to keep the reader’s attention. A strong example of rhyming in this poem would be â€Å"So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. † This couplet in Shakespeare’s poem differs from the rest as it differs from the rhyming meter that was used before it, which was an: a, b, a, b style pattern, and chooses to end the sonnet with a couplet. By doing this Shakespeare brings attention to these last two lines as the reader notices a change in the rhyming pattern before, this is used effectively as Shakespeare allows the reader to notice that the last two lines are important and ends the poem. In the first line of this sonnet we can find an example of alliteration being used to emphasize what Shakespeare is trying to emphasize in this line. â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? † in which the words shall and summer stand out more as Adam Shefsky ENG 4UZ Ms. Eldridge Thursday, March 11, 2010 hey share a common beginning. By doing this Shakespeare is making it so that the reader can almost subconsciously know that these words are important to the meaning of the line. When reading through the poem it can be seen that right from the beginning of the poem alliterations are being used effectively to help Shakespeare say what he wants and create a steady flow through the poem. Another device that can be seen is repetition, which allows Shakespeare to effectively emphasize what is important in the sonnet. Seen here â€Å"Thou art more lovely and more temperate. easily seen but effectively used to not only help the poem keep its rhythm but to show the importance of this line, by showing how he really feels about the subject. â€Å"Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? † opens the poem, letting the reader know that this poem has some emotional feeling as the simile to compare the subject of the poem to what Shakespeare believes represents something of perfection. The line â€Å"But thy eternal summer shall not fade† is Shakespeare using a metaphor to describe how the subject’s perfection and beauty will always be perfect. The use of all these devices and symbolisms are what help make this poem the best in the world. By using each of the symbolisms and devices, Shakespeare creates a very well written and perfectly structured poem. The devices and symbolisms work together using each other to help keep the poem moving and stay interesting, and help get the point of the poem across more subtle. The fact that this poem contains a lot of creative uses of sound devices and symbolism as well as how popular this particular sonnet is so popular and well-known are what make this poem my choice as the best.

Litigation or arbitration Free Essay Example, 3000 words

The decisions of adjudicators are usually final. Party can approach the courts for arbitration of the dispute, in which case the dispute will be heard afresh, rather than as an appeal against the adjudication. Alternatively, formal litigation can also be commenced in the courts. In the case of Northern Developments reference was made to the opinions expressed on adjudication in the case of Sherwood and Casson Ltd v Mackenzie; a decision that is erroneous even if the error is disclosed in the reasons, will still not ordinarily be capable of being challenged and should, ordinarily, still be enforced. the adjudication is intended to be a speedy process in which mistakes will inevitably occur. Thus, the court should guard against characterizing a mistaken answer to an issue, which is within an adjudicator's jurisdiction, as being an excess of jurisdiction Through this, a distinction is made in that an adjudicator s decision will be held to be valid even if it contains an error of fact or law, but will be held to be invalid or unsound only if the adjudicator made a decision that he had no jurisdiction to make. We will write a custom essay sample on Litigation or arbitration or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page An arbitrator s decisions will not be subject to dispute in the Courts because that would undermine their enforceability. Therefore, in spite of the fact that an adjudicator s decisions may be lacking in some areas of the procedure.